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There are some industrial and commercial buildings that now exceed 60 stories or more. These buildings all require tall cranes to help move the supplies to the upper floors. There are cranes which have their own vehicle connected or other types which are operated from the back of trucks. Tower cranes are the biggest types on the market.
Tower cranes are the stand-alone structures that are normally seen on high-rise building projects. Often, they are part of a major city's downtown skyline. Wherever new construction such as apartment buildings and skyscrapers and commercial facilities such as shopping center are being constructed, odds are a crane would be on site.
Kinds
There are two different kinds of cranes: jib crane of the boom crane. The jib is a metal frame that extends from the main section. On a flat tower crane, the jib remains horizontal as it carries things. On a luffing kind of tower crane, the jib could ratchet to upward or downward angles. The lifting capacity for both types could range from 30,000 lbs. to ten thousand pounds
Body
The crane's body is composed of a vertical steel mast which is composed of separate sections. The parts are added to increase the overall height of the machine. The mast extends upward to where the desired height is, to the control module, that is a small room that has glass windows on all four sides or to the tower as it is also referred to. The crane operator works from inside of the tower.
Lift
The crane utilizes a braided metal cord to be able to lift supplies. This cord extends out from a motor located next to the control module to the end of the boom or jib. There is a pulley system situated at the end of the jib, through which the cord is positioned and lowered down. The jib that holds the cord becomes balanced by a counter jib situated on the opposite side of the tower. The counter jib holds weights. These weights help to prevent the crane from toppling over when heavy materials are carried.
The hydraulic truck crane is a specialized mobile crane which uses hydraulic power to raise and transport thousands of pounds. Hydraulics uses forces being transmitted through oil pushing in opposite directions on the pistons of the boom in order to lift thousands of pounds. Hydraulic truck cranes are essential in building major projects like for example airports, bridges, buildings and roads. A crane can complete in minutes tasks which will normally take hundreds of men and a lot of hours to complete.
These remarkable machinery have played a very important role in building cities, houses, entire nations and individual buildings throughout the ages. Even the Great Pyramids in Egypt were probably built utilizing basic cranes to allow the heaviest supplies in one of the most remarkable construction projects ever.
The first representation of a crane was featured during King Ramses' reign in Egypt in 3000 B.C. This was a portrayal of a lifting mechanism that was utilized to collect water. The first official "cranes" appeared in Ancient Greece. These devices were used to build an entire nation during the 5th century B.C.
Initially, cranes were first made out of wood. It wasn't until the designers constructing dockyards decided they needed something stronger and larger did these machines develop. Hick & Rothwell designed the first cast iron cranes in Bolton, England, during eighteen thirty four. This machinery could lift up to 2 tons. That same year, the addition of wire rope was added to the crane by an Official of the German Superior Board, Herr Albert Sr. The wire rope made the crane stronger and more durable. This addition allowed cranes to have a larger capacity for lifting heavy weights.
The wire ropes were weaved together forming a more powerful rope with even more strength. The newly formed wire also added more flexibility. 4 years later, Germany started to make cast iron cranes. The first cast iron crane built by Germany was built within Neuburg.
